|
TABLE 1
INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL HOLONS AND THEIR INDIVIDUAL (AGENTIC) AND SOCIAL (COMMUNAL) ASPECTS. A COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT MODELS
| |
Wilber |
Goddard |
Smith |
|
Individual Holon |
|
|
|
|
individual exterior |
Brain structures |
Brain structures, agentic behavior |
Organisms, behavior |
|
individual interior |
Consciousness |
Sensory perceptions |
Sensory perceptions |
|
social exterior |
|
Brain structures, communal behavior |
Organisms, communal behavior |
|
social interior |
|
Private mind (thoughts) |
Thoughts |
|
Social Holon |
|
|
|
|
individual exterior |
Society |
Rituals |
Organisms, behavioral interactions (institutions, laws) |
|
individual interior |
Culture |
Beliefs, myths |
Intersubjective interactions (beliefs,values) |
|
Social exterior |
|
Complex institutions, laws |
Behavioral objectivity |
|
Social interior |
|
Paradigm values |
Interobjective consciousness |
| |
|
|
|
In the Goddard and Smith models, both individual and social holons have both individual and social aspects or dimensions. In the Wilber model, some of these are either missing or conflated with individual and social holons themselves.
|